Search results for "Grain quality"
showing 7 items of 7 documents
Rice cooking and sensory quality
2019
International audience; This chapter provides a state-of-the-art review of the diversity and dynamics of consumer demand with respect to the eating quality of rice worldwide. Quality includes both tangible measurable factors (rice characteristics) and the context of consumption. The main sensory attributes evaluated around the world are described, and their relationship with the diversity of consumer demand is discussed. Instrumental methods for predicting quality measured on either raw or cooked grains are reviewed. The changes that occur in the rice grain during cooking are described along with a modeling approach able to predict the changes and their spatial distribution in the rice grai…
Conservation tillage in a semiarid Mediterranean environment: results of 20 years of research
2014
Conservation tillage techniques are becoming increasingly popular worldwide as they have the potential to generate environmental, agronomic, and economic benefits. In Mediterranean areas, studies performed on the effects of conservation tillage [in comparison with the conventional tillage technique (CT)] on grain yield of cereal crops have reported contradictory results as well as considerable year-to-year variation, demonstrating how the impact of different soil tillage techniques on crop productivity is strongly site-specific. The present paper summarises the main results from a set of experiments carried out in Sicily during the last 20 years in which we compared no tillage (NT) to CT in…
How to manage the impact of gene flow on oilseed rape grain quality? Simulation case studies of three contrasted landscapes
2012
Abstract Grain admixture due to gene flow of oilseed rape (OSR) could be economically damaging. Different strategies are currently used or proposed to manage grain quality, ranging from homogenisation at the silo level to tactical decision rules at the field level. The relevance of these general strategies was appraised in the case of genetically modified (GM) OSR in three contrasted regions in Europe: Beauce Blesoise (France), Schleswig-Flensburg (Germany), and Fife (UK). Field patterns, crop allocation and agricultural practices were derived from existing datasets and complementary field surveys. Then a gene flow simulator was used to assess how the local contexts influenced the grain adm…
Caracterisation for ancient wheat varieties for their ability to form mycorrhiza and grain quality impact
2014
Wheat (kind Tritucum aestivum, Poaceae family) is a very important cereal ofagronomic interest. Some very ancient varieties are set aside for recent varieties often selected to meet a consumer intensive cultivation of pesticides. Organic farming production system assuming a reduction of synthetic chemical inputs in order to preserve the ecosystem can be defined as a practice where the use of synthetic fertilizers, chemical pesticides and genetically modified organisms is prohibited. This practice is gaining more and more popularity and the amount of land cultivated in this way has increased by 60% between 2000 and 2004. Constraints associated with the production of organic grains include lo…
Influence of grain quality, semolinas and baker’s yeast on bread made from old landraces and modern genotypes of Sicilian durum wheat
2021
Abstract Several studies showed that products made with ancient wheat genotypes have beneficial health properties compared to those obtained with modern wheat varieties, even though the mechanisms responsible for the positive effects are not clear. Ancient durum wheat genotypes are being currently used for the production of pasta, bread and other typical bakery products but the consumption is strictly local. In this work 15 genotypes of Triticum turgidum subsp. durum, including 10 ancient and 5 modern, were characterized for their technological traits through the determination of different parameters: protein content, dry gluten, gluten index, yellow index, ash, P/L, W and G. In addition, t…
Molecular Identification and Mycotoxin Production by Alternaria Species Occurring on Durum Wheat, Showing Black Point Symptoms
2020
Black point is a fungal disease of wheat, mainly associated with mycotoxigenic Alternaria species. Affected wheat kernels are characterized by dark brown discolouration of the embryo region and reduction of grain quality. Potential risk is the possible accumulation of Alternaria mycotoxins, alternariol (AOH), alternariol-monomethyl ether (AME), tenuazonic acid (TA), and altenuene (ALT), provided by haemato-toxic, genotoxic, and mutagenic activities. One hundred and twenty durum wheat samples belonging to 30 different genotypes grown in Bologna and Modena areas, in Italy, showing black point symptoms, were analyzed for Alternaria species and their mycotoxin contamination. Alternariol was sel…
Tillage and crop sequence effects on productivity and technological and nutritional quality of durum wheat
2015
We report data from two consecutive growing seasons {2012/13 and 2013/14, i.e., after 21-22 years of continuous application of the treatments) on grain yield and some technological and nutritional quality parameters of durum wheat. On average, grain yield was higher with CT than NT, but the effects of tillage varied greatly by crop sequence. On average, NT caused a decrease in both grain protein and gluten contents with respect to CT when wheat was grown after faba bean, whereas no differences between NT and CT were observed for these traits for continuous wheat or berseem clover. Significant interactions between tillage system and crop sequence were observed for alveographic parameters and…